![]() Title IX prohibits discrimination based on sex in federally assisted education programs. TITLE IX OF THE EDUCATION AMENDMENTS OF 1972, AS AMENDED As with Title VII complaints, a complainant exhausts administrative remedies 180 days after filing a formal complaint or 180 days after filing an appeal with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) if the EEOC has not issued a decision. If, however, a complainant chooses to file an administrative complaint, (s)he must exhaust administrative remedies before proceeding to court. Unlike Title VII and the Rehabilitation Act, the ADEA allows persons claiming age discrimination to go directly to court without going through an agency's administrative complaint procedures. The ADEA prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of age (40 years or older). AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT ACT (ADEA) OF 1967, AS AMENDED It also prohibits reprisal or retaliation for participating in the discrimination complaint process or for opposing any unlawful employment practice under Title VII. Title VII prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. TITLE VII OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964, AS AMENDED Title VI prohibits discrimination on the bases of race, color, and national origin in programs and activities receiving Federal financial assistance. TITLE VI OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964, AS AMENDED Substantially equal work means that the jobs require equal skills, effort, and responsibility, and that the jobs are performed under similar working conditions. It prohibits Federal agencies from paying employees of one sex lower wages than those of the opposite sex for performing substantially equal work. The EPA prohibits sex-based wage discrimination. FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT OF 1958, AS AMENDED (EQUAL PAY ACT OF 1963 ) These laws and regulations prohibit discrimination in employment on the bases of race, color, religion, sex (includes sexual harassment and discrimination based on pregnancy), disability (mental or physical), age, national origin, sexual orientation, protected genetic information, and retaliation for participation in EEO activity. ![]() The Office of Equity and Civil Rights (OECR) is charged with ensuring the agency is in compliance with the various laws and regulations that govern Federal-sector equal employment opportunity (EEO) and civil rights.
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